N.A.D.A stands for National Acupuncture Detoxification Association. N.A.D.A treatments involve the insertion of needles into particluar acupoints in each ear which have been found to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings, ultimately helping people with addictions to overcome them. The history of N.A.D.A. is quite interesting. Although Traditional Chinese Medicine discusses the importance of the ears, as many meridians flow through them, the actual use of auriculotherapy has its foundation in the West. In 1957, French neurologist, Paul Nogier outlined a map of the ear with particular acupoints affecting particular systems within the whole body. He is considered today to be the father of Auriculotherapy. During his lifetime, and after his death, many other groups quickly picked up on his discoveries and developed their own styles of auricular therapy. In 1972, a practioner in Hong Kong, Hsiang-Lai Wen, accidentally discovered that the insertion of needles in the ear -used for preoperative anesthesia- relieved the withdrawal symptoms of opiate addicts. The following year, in the Asian Journal of Medicine, Wen and associate Cheung published their findings concerning the auricular acupuncture treatment of 40 people suffering from opium and heroin addictions. The New York Times ran an article on these findings in 1974 which promted Dr. Michael Smith, the Medical Director of the Lincoln Hospital Detox Program in the Bronx, to start implementing this treatment in the methadone clinic. Eight years later, with very high success rates and even dropping the use of methadone, Dr. Smith published an article in the American Journal of Acupuncture describing their use of these auricular points as well as symptomatic points on the hands and feet. In 1985, N.A.D.A was founded by Dr. Smith and others to promote education and training regarding this important treatment for those trying to overcome addiction.